Higher U.S. Rates Reshape Global Markets

Higher U.S. Rates Reshape Global Markets as Caribbean Bonds Adjust to Rising Treasury Yields

September 12, 2026

Dave Dookie, Managing Director

• U.S. interest-rate expectations shifted higher, with stronger August inflation increasing the likelihood of another Federal Reserve rate hike. Treasury yields moved up sharply, with the 10-year approaching 5%, reinforcing a “higher-for-longer” outlook into 2027.

• Higher U.S. rates create pressure across both U.S. and Trinidad & Tobago markets. In the U.S., higher borrowing costs and discount rates weigh on equity valuations and bond prices. For Trinidad & Tobago, higher Treasury yields can raise USD refinancing costs, pressure sovereign and corporate bond prices, and increase competition for U.S. dollar assets.

• Global equities were generally weaker over the week. The S&P 500 fell about 0.8%, the Dow 1.6%, and the Nasdaq 0.9%. UK and European markets also declined, while Asian markets were softer, particularly Hong Kong and Australia.

• Trinidad & Tobago equities declined despite a surge in trading activity. The TTSE Composite Index fell 0.76%, while trading volume rose sharply to 18.97 million shares worth about TT$100.58 million, largely driven by Massy Holdings. Commercial bank excess liquidity fell to approximately TT$3.65 billion.

• Caribbean bond yields moved higher as global rates rose. Trinidad & Tobago’s 2030 sovereign yielded around 5.75%, Jamaica’s longer-dated bonds around 5.9% to 6.4%, Barbados’ 2035 near 6.8%, and selected Dominican Republic bonds around 6.5%. NGC’s 6.05% 2036 bond yielded roughly 6.76%, offering a wider spread than comparable T&T sovereign debt.

The outlook for U.S. interest rates has shifted materially as markets head toward 2027. August core inflation increased 0.3% month-on-month, while headline inflation rose 0.4%, prompting markets to assign roughly a 90% probability of a September Federal Reserve rate increase. Treasury yields responded sharply, at the close of the week we recorded, the 2-year yield around 4.58%, the 10-year near 4.93%, and the 30-year above 5.3%.

Higher Fed Funds rates are designed to restrain demand and inflation, but they also increase borrowing costs for households and businesses, place downward pressure on bond prices and reduce the valuation investors are willing to assign to future corporate earnings. Heading into 2027, the central question is therefore whether tighter policy successfully moderates inflation without producing a material slowdown in U.S. consumption and investment.

For Trinidad and Tobago, higher U.S. rates have important consequences even though domestic monetary policy is not mechanically linked to the Federal Reserve. Higher Treasury yields raise the global benchmark against which Trinidad and Tobago sovereign and corporate USD bonds are priced, potentially increasing refinancing costs and placing downward pressure on existing bond prices. They can also encourage investors to hold higher-yielding U.S. assets, increasing competition for U.S. dollars and potentially intensifying domestic foreign-exchange pressures. Locally, tighter international financial conditions may eventually transmit higher required returns on TT-dollar securities.

However, relatively strong domestic liquidity provides some insulation, commercial bank excess reserves stood at approximately TT$3.65 billion at the end of the week, although this was down TT$1.60 billion from the prior week.

In the United States equity markets were weaker over the five trading days as investors adjusted to the prospect of higher rates. The S&P 500 declined 0.78%, the Dow Jones fell 1.57%, and the Nasdaq Composite lost 0.94%. Technology performance was mixed, NVIDIA declined approximately 4.45%, while Meta gained 6.12% and Broadcom advanced 2.06%. Higher discount rates are creating greater differentiation between companies able to deliver strong earnings growth and more highly valued businesses dependent on distant future cash flows. Energy equities performed better as Brent crude traded above US$100 per barrel, with BP, Shell, ExxonMobil and TotalEnergies posting weekly gains.

Across in the United Kingdom and Europe, the FTSE 100 declined approximately 1.67%, while the more domestically sensitive FTSE 250 fell 2.48%. European markets also weakened, the STOXX Europe 600 declined 1.66%, Germany’s DAX fell 1.83%, and France’s CAC 40 slipped 1.20%. Italy’s FTSE MIB was an exception, advancing approximately 0.79%. Higher global bond yields, elevated energy prices and uncertainty over the growth outlook remained the principal headwinds.

Asian equities experienced a more pronounced correction. Japan’s Nikkei 225 declined approximately 1.55%, while the JPX Nikkei 400 lost 1.90%. China’s Shanghai Composite declined about 1.07%, and Hong Kong’s Hang Seng fell approximately 3.30%. Australia’s ASX 200 declined 2.94%. Expectations for additional Bank of Japan interest rate tightening, weaker Chinese market sentiment and generally higher global discount rates weighed on regional valuations.

The domestic equity market also moved lower. The TTSE Composite Index declined 0.76%, the All T&T Index fell 0.74%, and the Cross Listed Index lost 0.82%. Trading activity increased dramatically to 18.97 million shares valued at TT$100.58 million, although Massy accounted for approximately 89% of total volume. Scotiabank T&T gained 0.65% and Republic Financial reached a 52-week high, while National Flour Mills fell 11.43% and Trinidad Cement declined 10.53%.

Rising U.S. Treasury yields placed modest pressure on regional USD bonds. Trinidad and Tobago’s 2030 4.50% was quoted around 95.05 to 95.80, yielding 5.98% to 5.75%, while the 2036 6.50% traded around 100.85, yielding approximately 6.38%. The 2038 maturity offered around 97.90 with a yield near 6.46%.

Jamaica remained comparatively well supported, its 2039 8.00% bond was offered around 117.05 at approximately 5.93%, while the 2045 offered around 116.40 yielding 6.37%. Barbados’ 2035 8.00% traded around 106.15, with an offer yield of approximately 6.80%. Dominican Republic bonds softened across the curve, the 2030 4.50% was around 96.10, yielding approximately 5.79%, while the 2036 offered near 101.05, yielding 6.45%. NGC’s 6.05% 2036 bond was indicated around 95.15, yielding approximately 6.76%, providing a notable spread over comparable Trinidad sovereign maturities.

Markets are entering the final quarter with monetary policy once again the dominant risk factor. If inflation remains persistent, U.S. rates and Treasury yields could stay elevated into 2027, favoring shorter-duration fixed income and companies with strong cash flows while maintain pressure on longer-duration equities and Caribbean bond prices.

About the author: Dave Dookie is the Managing Director of Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited, a Trinidad and Tobago based financial advisory firm specializing in investment management, capital markets and structured finance. He has advised governments, financial institutions, and energy companies on debt issuance, project financing, and strategic capital raising across the Caribbean. He holds degrees and advanced qualifications from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) and the University of London and has completed advanced training in data science through the MIT Applied Data Science Program.

Disclosure, Conflicts of Interest & Important Information

This publication has been prepared and issued by Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited (“Waterloo Capital”) for informational and market commentary purposes only. The material contained herein does not constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice, a recommendation, or an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any security, financial instrument, or to participate in any investment strategy. The information contained in this report has been obtained from publicly available sources and other third-party data believed to be reliable, including financial market data providers, government publications, and industry sources. While Waterloo Capital has made reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information presented, no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to its accuracy, reliability, or completeness. Any opinions, projections, or forward-looking statements expressed herein reflect the judgment of Waterloo Capital as of the date of publication and are subject to change without notice.

Investments in financial markets involve risks, including the possible loss of principal. Past performance is not indicative of future results, and market conditions may change rapidly. Economic forecasts, price projections, and market outlooks are inherently uncertain and should not be relied upon as guarantees of future performance.

Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited, its affiliates, directors, officers, employees, and associated persons may from time to time have positions in securities, commodities, currencies, or other financial instruments referenced in this publication. In addition, Waterloo Capital may provide, or seek to provide, investment banking, capital markets advisory, asset management, research, or other financial services to companies, governments, or institutions mentioned in this report. Such activities may give rise to potential conflicts of interest.

Recipients of this publication should not treat it as a substitute for the exercise of their own independent judgment. Investors should consider the appropriateness of any investment strategy in light of their individual objectives, financial circumstances, and risk tolerance, and should seek independent professional advice, including financial, legal, tax, or accounting advice where appropriate. This report is intended solely for general informational distribution and may not be reproduced, redistributed, or published in whole or in part without the prior written consent of Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited. The distribution of this publication may be restricted by law in certain jurisdictions, and persons into whose possession this report comes are required to inform themselves of and observe any such restrictions.

Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited accepts no liability whatsoever for any direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential loss or damage arising from the use of, or reliance on, the information contained in this publication.

© Waterloo Capital Advisors Limited. All rights reserved.